ELECTRICITY

ELECTRICITY

 Electricity is a set of physical phenomena that occur when there is a movement of electrons from atoms that form any type of matter. The physical phenomena it produces can be light (bulb), heat (electric radiator), movement (motors), etc.

The movement of electrons is what is known as "electric current". So we can say that electricity is the phenomena that occur by the passage of electric current.

- Physical phenomena: Light, Heat, Motion, Sound, etc. Then we'll see these phenomena.

- Electrons: Particles of the atoms by which a material is formed.

- Electric current: electron movement.

This movement of electrons can be caused naturally, as is the case of a lightning bolt, or they can be caused by man artificially, for example a dynamo such as that of the bicycle that produces electric current.

Los Atomos, los Electrones y La Electricidad

Matter or any material is made up of very small particles (not seen with the naked eye) called atoms.

 The atom is made up of a nucleus within which are other, even smaller particles called protons and neutrons. Protons have positive electrical charge and neutrons have only mass but no electrical charge.

   But what we really care about for electricity is electrons. They are negatively charged particles that are rotating around the nucleus of the atom. Remember, we have to move them.

The atom, in a neutral state, has the same number of protons as electrons, as the two have the same charge but one + and the other negative, the overall count of its charge is zero, i.e. the atom has no electrical charge in the natural state.

Remember:

- 1 electron has a negative electrical charge (-).

- 1 proton has positive electrical charge (+).

Example  :

Imagine two atoms (atom 1 and 2) of a material with 5 protons and 5 neutrons. Initially the load of each atom is 0. 

5 electrons = 5 negative charges (-)

5 protons =  5 positive charges (+)

 Now if we steal an electron from atom 1 to give it to atom 2. What's going to happen?

Atom 1 =  4 electrons =  4 negative charges and 5 protons = 5 positive charges.

Atom 2 =  6 electrons = 6 negative charges and 5 protons  =5 positive charges.

 Atom 2 =  -6 + 5  = 1; this atom will now have a negative charge.

Conclusion:

Atom that we steal electrons from him is left with positive charge.

 Atom that we give you the stolen electron is left with negative charge.

We've expanded the atoms of a material, for example copper, to get 3 and look what we do.

¿Cómo Generamos Electricidad?

We just need to have a positively charged body (with missing e-atoms) on one side and the other way is a negatively charged body (which is over-e-).

Remember the body with positive charge has gaps, the body with negative charge excess electrons.

If we now bind them with a conductive material, i.e. a material that pass through or move the e- easily, as is the case of copper, we already have the solution.

                                                                                                            Members :

                                                                                                    Maria Fernanda
                                                                                                       Lesly Coral

                                                                                                                         Estefania Martinez

                                                                                                                    Nallely Vaquera 

                                                                                                                      Libia Jocabet

                                                                                                                      

2a Mantenimiento